Computer Engineering - A Carrer as a Computer Software Engineer :: Computer Software Engineering

Computer planing - A Carrer as a Computer Software EngineerIntroductionThe explosive impact of ready reckoners and information technology on our everyday lives has generated a need to design and develop new computer computer parcel systems and to mix new technologies in a rapidly growing range of applications. The tasks performed by workers known as computer software engineers evolve quickly, reflecting new areas of specialization or changes in technology, as well as the preferences and practices of employers. Computer software engineers apply the principles and techniques of computer science, engineering, and mathematical analysis to the design, development, testing, and evaluation of the software and systems that enable computers to perform their umteen applications. (1)Background Software engineers working in applications or systems development analyze users needs and design, construct, test, and maintain computer applications software or systems. Software engineers can be i nvolved in the design and development of many types of software, including software for operating systems and network distri barelyion, and compilers, which convert programs for execution on a computer. In programming, or coding, software engineers instruct a computer, line by line, how to perform a function. They also solve technical problems that arise. Software engineers must possess strong programming skills, but are more concerned with developing algorithms and analyzing and solving programming problems than with actually writing code. (2)Computer applications software engineers analyze users needs and design, construct, and maintain general computer applications software or specialized utility programs. These workers use different programming languages, depending on the purpose of the program. The programming languages most often used are C, C++, and Java, with Fortran and COBOL used less commonly. Some software engineers develop both packaged systems and systems software or c reate customized applications. (4)Computer systems software engineers coordinate the construction and sustainment of a companys computer systems and plan their future growth. Working with a company, they coordinate each departments computer needsXordering, inventory, billing, and paysheet record keeping, for exampleXand make suggestions about its technical direction. They also might set up the companys intranetsXnetworks that link computers within the organization and succor communication among the various departments. (3)Systems software engineers work for companies that configure, implement, and install complete computer systems. They may be members of the marketing or sales staff, serving as the unproblematic technical resource for sales workers and customers. They also may be involved in product sales and in providing their customers with continuing technical support. Computer software engineers often work as part of a team that designs new hardware, software, and systems.

Attending Melba Beals Event Essay -- Civil Rights Little Rock Nine

I attended an event commemorating a very heroic womans actions. Civil rights activist Melba Beals, author of Warriors Dont Cry, was genius of the Little Rock Nine who helped to integrate an all-white Arkansas public high school in 1957. However, this was not a very easy task. She attended school amidst constant harassment, violence, and threats. Her efforts helped shape the civil rights movement and earned her Americas top civilian honor, the Congressional amber Medal. I found her to be very inspiring, witty, and brave. The event allowed us to hear her perspective on growing up at such a volatile time, and to learn about her unique and rich past. This event was held in the Illini Union, a building on the University of Illinois campus where students and faculty work, study, and relax. Very often events such as this one are held to add a diverse flavor and special treat to the already enriching university. This presentation was held in the ballroom on the second floor. This room is a beautifully decorated large hall where many various events take place from dances to speeches. The fact that the event was held in this room shows the importance of Melba and the seating postulate to accommodate such a large-scale event. The event was extremely crowded, and many different nationalities and cultures were represented, which was quite surprising to me. I would have imagined only finding African-Americans and whites at an event like this, but to my surprise almost every culture was represented in the audience. Through careful observation I noticed that the newspaper of the audience was mainly female, college and middle aged. I did notice that there were many families that came together, which was very nice... .... It made me proud of them and for them. From attending this lecture I have a greater sense of appreciation for all the women of color who have made a difference, because now I know how many obstacles they had to overcome to achi eve their goal. aft(prenominal) seeing her speak I felt extremely enriched and honored to have had the chance to hear someone like her speak in front of me. I felt a sense of pride for her. It was an odd moment. I felt like I was directly connected to her as well as to everything that she was saying. I could feel her pain, sorrow, triumph, and happiness all at once. It is not everyday that someone attempts to de-segregate their high school at a time when African-American people had no right to do something like this whatsoever. I am very much looking forward to reading her book now. I am very elicit in finding more out about her life.

Relationships :: essays research papers

Relationships are impossible, or are they? Why is it that mostrelationships don&8217t stool? Man meets woman, they date, move in together,get married, have kids and then(prenominal) divorce. This is what most relationships arenowadays. What causes a relationship to fall apart, what relationships youshould get out of and are there such things as soul mates.Most people hope that their relationship isn&8217t equal other(a)s. They don&8217t have problems. These kinds of people also think that their supply won&8217tcheat on them or do anything wrong. But the truth is that almost allrelationships won&8217t last forever. A few reasons relationships fall apart are ifone partner cheats, they lose interest in each other, lack of communication which causes problems, if you try to change nearlyone and it backfires, and ifyou hide something you should have told the other person and then they welcomeout about it later. In a relationship you can tell when you&8217re losing interest in each other. Some signs are that you don&8217t talk much with each other, youdon&8217t spend time together anymore instead its spent with your friends awayfrom home. Some signs to tell if the other person in the relationship ischeating is by the person starts to come home from work later then theyusually do, they start to smell like perfume that neither of you have, whenyou await them about cheating they get all nervous and deny it, when youask them why they&8217ve been coming home late from work lately they makeupstupid excuses. And they say there going somewhere but when you phone tosee if they are there they aren&8217t. If you&8217re in a relationship and the persondoes any of these things your relationship could be falling apart.Should you leave or stay in an abusive relationship? The answer to thisquestion as you should know it is leave as soon as you can. The reason youshould leave an abusive relationship is because if you don&8217t, you could endup hurt. Most of the time when a p erson is in this kind of a position they aretoo scared to leave it because they think the one who is abusing will hurtthem more. In some cases they could that&8217s why its important to leave.Another thing about people who are in this position is that if you suspect theyare being abused and you confront them about it they will deny it and changethe subject. A few other signs of someone being abused is if they always

Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown - The Puritans and Love Essay -- Young

Young Goodman Brown The Puritans and Love Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown, exposes the puritan view of cope and relationships. In theory, these two visions are diametrically opposed. One exalts love as a physical manifestation between two individuals (although it also claims to represent higher(prenominal) ideals), the other sees it as a spiritual need, one best manifested by attachment to God. In fact, the puritans did not see love as a practiced thing, but rather as an evil, a grim necessity, that is, they saw physical love (between a man and a woman, or sexuality and all it carries with it) as such. The emotional turmoil affecting Goodman Brown clearly expresses this. The problem we find in this story, and in puritanism, is that it presents contrasting views of love. Attachment to worldly possessions, to other people in fact, is discouraged, because everything physical leads to temptation and damnation, and ultimately hell, while the road to salvation of the individual wanders through a spiritual discipline, rigour, austerity. A man should not love his married woman more than he loves God in fact, it is recommended that he not derive pleasure from his wife, but rather seek suffering, in order to redeem himself from his earthly condition, his impure state. This conception of love can be traced back to the first chapters of the Bible, Genesis. Adam and Eve, in the garden of Eden, eat the forbidden fruit and are eer outcast from paradise, forced to suffer. The puritans argued that, if God wishes us to suffer, who are we to go against his wishes. We are sinners, because of the Original Sin, and it was Eve who gav... ...ne, it kept the women in a box, it basically prevented uprising by instilling divine fear. Eventually, these ideas evolved, but we still witness many of the later on effects of puritanism in todays world. Again, however, we are faced with a story, this time written after the fact, that sheds a negative light on an ideology. It seems Nathanie l Hawthorne did not want to endorse puritanism, but denounce it, denounce the abuse and contradiction it implied. Once more, we find a work that denigrates an established understanding of love. First, there was opposition to the courtly love tradition, now, we find opposition to the puritan love ideology. So far, we have only been spontaneous to define love by what it wasnt, what we felt was a wrong way of doing things. If a more definitive answer is to be put in, it must be found elsewhere.

Farewell to Manzanar by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston Essay -- essays resea

The book, Farewell to Manzanar was the story of a young Japanese girl coming of age in the interment camp located in Owens Valley, California. Less than two months after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, President Roosevelt signed an Executive Order, which stated that the War Department had the right to declare which people were a threat to the country, and move them wherever they so pleased. Since the West Coast had a large number of Japanese immigrants at the time, the Executive Order was basically an exemplify that authorized the government to remove Japanese residing on the West Coast away from their homes and put them in these interment camps. As harsh as it may sound, the interment camps were nothing like the infamous Nazi interment camps of World War II. Manzanar residents enjoyed relatively comfortable living conditions, and lived fairly comfortable lives as compared to those of German interment camps. However, it was still rough, as many families were separated and emotio nal scars lingered long after the experience. Farewell to Manzanar is the story of one girl making the difficult handing over to womanhood, at a difficult time, and at a difficult location. Two of the main life lessons that Jeannie learned during her stay at Manzanar dealt with the issues of her identity as an American against her Japanese heritage, and also with her treatment in school.During her time at Manzanar, Jeannie was surrounded by almost exclusively Japanese people, and did not have much motion-picture show to Caucasians, or people of other quickens. Therefore, she did not know what to truly expect when she went out into the school world outside of Manzanar. She had received some schooling fleck in Manzanar however, the American schools were drastically different from the schools inside of Manzanar. While inside Manzanar, Jeannie learned more skills in the fine arts, such as baton twirling, and ballet. though hard subjects were taught, Jeannie didnt mention them as muc h as she did about the baton twirling, ballet, and Catechesis. The schools at Manzanar were not much until the second year. The first year, volunteers taught the schools, and resources were pretty scarce. However, in the second year, teachers were hired, and the number of available supplies increased. One key thing that Jeannie remembers about her Manzanar schooling was her participation in the yearbook, and also with the ... ...he fact that she was pretending to be of a culture which she did not belong to. She was dressed as an American, acting as an American, even though she was of Japanese descent. Under Papas orders, she signed up for odori class, however, she performed terribly and was basically kicked out of class by the instructor. Jeannie Wakatsuki lived a very diverse life, as she was subjected to both life inside of an interment camp and American high school. Attending American high school was a character shaping experience, and even more so for someone of a minority race or gender. The experience lets them know where their race stands among others, and if they will be completely trustworthy in the outside world. Unfortunately for Jeannie, she was not totally accepted by others end-to-end her life, and that left psychological scars on her. However, she came out of these experiences a better and more well rounded person, so they were not totally disallow for her. A note of interest is that she ended up marrying a non-Japanese person, possibly due to her growing up and maturing around non-Japanese. The book Farewell to Manzanar fully illustrates her thoughts and feelings throughout this process.

Disgrace by J. M. Coetzee Essay -- Literary Analysis

Report on the Novel DISGRACE by J. M. CoetzeeFor a man of his age, fifty-two, divorced, he has, to his mind, solved the problem of sex rather well. On Thursday afternoons he drives to Green Point. Punctually at two pm. He presses the buzzer at the entrance to Windsor Mansions, speaks his name, and enters. Waiting for him at the door of No. 113 is Soraya. This hebdomadally rendezvous with a prostitute is the closet thing to a personal and intimate relationship Professor David Lurie has. J. M. Coetzee novel, Disgrace, takes place in post-apartheid southeast Africa. The times baseball swing chaotically in the great upheaval as South Africas political proponent arm swings from a white ruling minority, to black majority rule. The power shift is anything but smooth victims be conform to victors and, likewise, oppressors become the oppressed. As the story opens, Croetzees main character , David Lurie lives in Cape Town, South Africa, as a see university professor. He lives a life of sexually fulfilled non-commitment relationships, misusing his authority and good standing in the community to fulfilling his sexual desires, with or without the permission of the women, he targets for seduction. He was born and raised as a member of the white minority, that ruled South Africa for decades during the apartheid era. He has not tempered his apartheid attitude, nor, changed his ways to adjust to the new South African post-apartheid era. He acts on his sexual desires and deems he answers to no man for what he does. Thus far, David Luries role in life has seen only a transient few personal relationships that were not lasting for any length of time. He has solely existed to pursue sex without any conscience regard, evening seducing yo... ...o Petrus, and agrees Petrus can in public claim her as one of his wives. Lucy tells Lurie, the young rapist has returned, and he is Petrus brformer(a)-in-law. Soon they both agree the young rapist is mentally retarded. As th e book come to the last page Lurie is at the shelter, and with tears in his eyes he is carrying a dog he has formed an attachment to be put to sleep.SOURCES, other than the novel DISGRACE.Ruman, Md. Abdul Karim Ruman. Is Disgrace Justified? Psychological, Ethical and Political Significance of the Title in J.M. Coetzees Disgrace. web http//www.articlesbase.com/literature-articles/is-disgrace-justified-psychological-ethical-and-political-significance-of-the-title-in-jm-coetzees-disgrace-2599298.html. Posted Jun 10, 2010wikipedia web page http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truth_and_Reconciliation_Commission_(South_Africa)

Modernism: A Critical Analysis

T. S. Eliot did non invent ripeism in literature, moreover his poem The vaunt attain (1922) expresses more clearly than anyone else what the modernist endeavor really was. More than a poem, it was an occasion, a cry that defined a moment in time, and which it is not possible to repeat. Eliot himself decl ard that he had locomote on from the style of The Waste Land immediately after. Shortly after its publication he expressed in a private correspondence, As for The Waste Land, that is a thing of the past so far as I am concerned and I am now feeling toward a invigorated form and style (qtd. in Chinitz 69).The Hollow Men (1926) is nothing as fragmentary, chaotic and nihilistic as is the 1922 poem. In The Waste Land we seem he hear an unalloyed expression of hopelessness the despair that purposeful art in no more possible in the immense panorama of futility and outlawry which is contemporary history (qtd. in Sigg 182). Yet the poem is not a complete negation of art. It piece advances a sort of coherence towards the end, in which we may read a suggestion that art may still be possible amidst desolate meaninglessness of the modern age.The First World War is the event that finally tattered the cozy certainties of the Victorian age. At a more protean level, it annulled the optimism of the humanist endeavor which gave rise to the Renaissance, the Enlightenment and the scientific valet view. It is signifi peckt that the major tell apart of this endeavor was carried out in art and literature. In the aftermath to the Great War came disillusionment, because it was widely perceived that progress did not bring peace except war the near brutal and mindless sort. It was not just corpses and rubble that littered Europe, but the Western psyche too was littered with rubble.The Waste Land is essentially a collection of fragments from the tradition of literature. The ultimate statement made by Eliot is that there is no more meaning in which the artificer can take his tradition and further it. Yet he cannot abandon the past either, for his identity is still contained within those fragments. These fragments I have shored against my ruins, says the Fisher King, who is not commensurate to redeem the wasteland that stretches before him (Eliot 69). This expresses the core sentiment of the poem, which is in the end a mere collection of literary fragments. It is a demonstration of what the function of the artist has become, for the message of Eliot is that the artist is indeed reduced to gathering debris from his cultural past.Eliots poem is not meant to be imitated. Its function is to locate the spirit of the age and give it voice. So successful was it in this latter role that many of its literary features began to be adopted, especially so in the novel form, towards the creation of the modernist novel. The most common feature of this fiction is the dysfunctional and alienated protagonist in an urban setting who struggles against encroaching meani nglessness. Of this fiction Federman says, The creatures of the new fiction will be as changeable, as illusory, as nameless, as unnamable, as fraudulent, as unpredictable as the discourse that makes them (12).To render such a narrative effective novelists were curtly employing a device known as stream of consciousness. It sacrifices coherence for an effect which seems to suggest that we are privy to the unexpurgated thoughts and impressions of the protagonist. Ulysses by James Joyce is calm entirely I this mode, and another novelist who use this method effectively is Virginia Woolf. Most often it is used for effect in novels which retain some meaningfulness, therefore are not entirely nihilistic. In such novels we identify the contining search for possibilities in art which Eliot had instigated.The novels of Franz Kafka use the conventional narrative voice, yet depict a world that is fragmented and devoid of meaning. The protagonist in The Trial wakes up one morning to discover tha t he is under arrest, subject to trial, but free to regard about in the meantime. There is no immediate explanation of his wrong-doing, and none is forthcoming as the trial grinds on. Not only self-preservation, the protagonist is also pursuit for meaning. But the only meaning that emerges is that the system has decided that he is the accused, which has set into motion a process whose eventual and inevitable outcome is a brutal execution.Everybody seems to be helpless before the system, both friend and foe. They cannot effect its course, and neither can they extract meaning from it. The state embodies logic, of which Kafka says, Logic is doubtless unshakable, but it cannot withstand a man who wants to go on living (Kafka 263). Instead of war, Kafkas focus is on the bureaucratization of the modern state, but evokes the same sense of despair and the helplessness of the individual before greater and inexplicable forces, the unmistakable stamp of modernism.The Old Man and the Sea by E rnest Hemingway is also considered a modernist novel. Though more famed for his hard-edged realism, in this last effort before his death Hemingway has created a powerful parable of futility. Santiago is a Cuban fisherman who has met bad luck, having not caught a fish for 84 days. On the 85th day he becomes reckless and ventures further into the sea than anyone else before. He hooks a marlin of such awed size that it hauls Santiago and his boat around sea for and entire day.The old fisherman is soon locked in an epic battle of strength, guile and wits with the marlin, and expends either last bit of himself for over three days of struggle. Bloodied and drained, he has his catch in the end, which he begins to drag shoreward. But sharks then fall upon the marlin, and the old man cannot battle them off with his harpoon. Though futile, Hemingway suggests that the old mans struggle has transcendental value.He makes frequent comparisons between the old man and Christ, and describes the ol d man in awe of the nobility of the marlin, even while locked in a life and death battle with it. He is described as musing, But it is good that we do not have to try to kill the sun or the moon or the stars. It is enough to live on the sea and kill our true brothers (Hemingway 75). In its tenor of unremitting futility the novel is modernist. The meaning discovered in the end is transcendental and religious, in which the spirit of the individual is pitched against his biological limitations (Walcutt 275). This is significant when we repudiate that Eliot too discovered religion later in life.In conclusion, in his poem The Waste Land Eliot expressed a feeling that conventional motivation of the artist was no longer relevant in the modern age, because the aspirations of the previous age, that which had motivated writers and artists in the Victorian era, had been rendered null and void. But at the same time it initiated a new quest in literature, which became a movement known as modern ism, and especially employed by novelists. In their novels, which mostly emphasized the meaninglessness of modern existence, the modernist novelist nevertheless tends to dicover transcendental or religious meaning.Works CitedChinitz, David. T.S. Eliot and the Cultural Divide. Chicago University of Chicago Press, 2003.Eliot, Thomas Stearns. The Waste Land and Other Poems. New York Penguin Classics, 1998.Federman, Raymond. Surfiction Fiction Now and Tomorrow. capital of Greece OH Swallow Press, 1975.Hemingway, Ernest. The Old Man and the Sea. New York Simon & Schuster, 1995.Kafka, Franz. The Trial. Trans. Willa Muir, Edwin Muir. New York Schocken Books, 1995.Sigg, Eric Whitman. The American T. S. Eliot A Study of the Early Writings. Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press, 1989.Walcutt, Charles Child. American Literary Naturalism, A Divided Stream. Minneapolis University of Minnesota Press, 1974.

Eveline Analysis

Ashley Carey ENC 1102 MW 1230- 145 8/29/12 After reading Eveline by James Joyce I would say I was not overall shocked with the outcome of her not leaving. Throughout the story I could tell that Eveline was unsure of herself and of what she wanted. She couldnt decide between running away to Buenos Aires with her lover, Frank or staying to make sure her family is looked after. I felt that her age is a significant factor of her plectrum of staying in Dublin.She didnt understand herself enough because she didnt experience life to see how she deals with difficult life changing situations. I felt like her pickax shows herself to the audience. She could have chosen to go with Frank and come off to some readers as following her heart, maybe selfish, thinking about her future day and what she desires in life and in her heart, not caring for her family.I personally feel like her termination to stay was a more comfortable decision for her and she wasnt taking risks and was thinking about th e love for her family and siblings and not wanting them to get hurt in anyway. If her mother hadnt told her before she died to keep the al-Qaida together as long as she could, I felt that Eveline would have ran away with Frank not feeling guilty when she left That she didnt do the one thing that her mother asked of her before her death.

Direct and Online Marketing †the New Marketing Model Essay

I. INTRODUCTIONWith the growth of the profit community and the limitless possibilities the Internet gives to the single user, it didnt take long beforehand some one realized that the World simple Web is a really good place for the commercial message entrepreneur. So, precise quickly the online market was born, offering almost all kinds of goods to be secured and delivered to your door. This new online sensation was called electronic commerce, or ecommerce.E-commerce is a complex term referring to the bring of selling and buying products and services over the Internet or other electronic organizations. Considered as the sales aspect of the e- traffic, the electronic commerce has revolutionized trade as a routine activity for the contemporary man by bringing the marketplace to your home or the office, thus saving you time and perspirations.The development of e-commerce has stipulation birth to new terms such as electronic funds transfer, online transaction processing, electroni c data interchange (EDI), Internet market, automated data charm systems, etc. They all designate certain key components of the sophisticated e-commerce system.The majority of processes running within the e-commerce system are carried out on the World childlike Web. It is on the mesh where goods and services are presented through variously designed e-commerce websites to match the taste of a particular tush audience. From there customers batch revise the desired items and accept for them in a variety of supported e-payment options such as credit cards, sacrificePal, etc. Certain e-commerce operations are executed via e-mail as well. These may include sending order placement confirmations or electronic invoice nonifications to the buyers personal mailbox after a particular purchase.Depending on the nature of the offered products and services, ecommerce operations may involve virtual and physical items. Due to the increasing use of the Internet in our daily lives, the perc ent of the virtual items distributed through ecommerce is rapidly growing. These include services like buying admission to limited access websites or electronic versions of newspapers and magazines, online gaming, etc. Nevertheless, the majority of e-commerce legal proceeding are still related to the purchase and transportation of physical items.As far as the parties involved in the online transaction process are concerned, ecommerce prat be thought of as being business-to-consumer, more popular as B2C, and business-to-business, also known as B2B. The B2C ecommerce, conducted between business entities and consumers, includes all online stores (e-shops) offering retail products and services to end customers such as flower stores, shoe stores, furniture stores, etc. The B2B commerce, on the other hand, takes place between business entities only, such as wholesalers and retailers, on not that widely popular web stores.The rapid expansion of ecommerce has made it possible for almost a ll big retail companies to set up their own online stores with regularly updated subject matter. Thus, it is now easier than ever to obtain an item from the la show collection of your favorite clothes tarnish, or be among the first to take usefulness of a starting clearance campaign. Moreover, the ecommerce fashion is gradually infecting smaller retail companies, which find it as a good chance to expand their r apiece to electromotive force customers and increase the selling volumes. This trend is stimulated by the attractive low-cost ecommerce hosting services offered by different hosts on the web.II. ONLINE MARKETINGOnline trade, also known as online advertisement, internet marketing, online marketing or e-marketing, is the marketing and promotion of products or services over the Internet. Online advertising is a form of promotion that uses the Internet and World Wide Web to deliver marketing messages to attract customers.TYPES OF ONLINE MARKETING* Search Engine Optimization (SEO) is the process of affecting the visibility of a website or a web varlet in a take care engines natural or un-paid (organic) pursuit results. In general, the earlier (or higher ranked on the await results page), and more frequently a site appears in the chase results list, the more visitors it leave alone receive from the search engines users. SEO may target different kinds of search, including image search, local search, video search, academic search, news search and industry-specific vertical search engines.As an Internet marketing strategy, SEO considers how search engines work, what sight search for, the actual search terms or key countersigns grammatical cased into search engines and which search engines are preferred by their targeted audience. Optimizing a website may involve editing its content, HTML and associated label to twain increase its relevance to specific keywords and to remove barriers to the indexing activities of search engines. Promoting a site to increase the number of backlinks, or inbound links, is another SEO tactic. The plural of the abbreviation SEO can refer to search engine optimizers, those who provide SEO service.* Pay-Per-Click Advertising (also called cost per click) is an Internet advertising model use to direct traffic to websites, where advertisers pay the publisher (typically a website owner) when the ad is clicked. With search engines, advertisers typically bid on keyword phrases relevant to their target market. Content sites commonly charge a fixed outlay per click rather than use a bidding system. PPC display advertisements, also known as banner ads, are shown on web sites or search engine results with related content that lose agreed to show ads. In contrast to the generalized portal, which seeks to drive a high volume of traffic to one site, PPC implements the so-called harmonize model that provides purchase opportunities wherever battalion may be surfing.It does this by offering financial incentives (in the form of a percentage of revenue) to affiliate partner sites. The affiliates provide purchase-point click-through to the merchant. It is a pay-for-performance model If an affiliate does not generate sales, it represents no cost to the merchant. Variations include banner exchange, pay-per-click, and revenue sharing programs. Websites that utilize PPC ads forget display an advertisement when a keyword query matches an advertisers keyword list, or when a content site displays relevant content.Such advertisements are called sponsored links or sponsored ads, and appear adjacent to, above, or beneath organic results on search engine results pages, or anywhere a web developer chooses on a content site. Among PPC providers, Google AdWords, Yahoo Search Marketing, and Microsoft adCenter used to be the three largest network operators, and all three operate under a bid-based model.In 2010, Yahoo and Microsoft launched their combined effort against Google and Microsofts Bing began to b e the search engine that Yahoo used to provide its search results. Since they joined forces, their PPC platform was renamed AdCenter. Their combined network of third party sites that digest AdCenter ads to populate banner and text ads on their site is called BingAds. The PPC advertising model is open to abuse through click fraud, although Google and others take on implemented automated systems to arrest against abusive clicks by competitors or corrupt web developers.* Email Marketing is directly marketing a commercial message to a group of people using email. In its broadest sense, every email sent to a potential or sure customer could be considered email marketing. It usually involves using email to send ads, request business, or solicit sales or donations, and is meant to build loyalty, trust, or brand awareness. Email marketing can be done to apiece cold lists or current customer database.Broadly, the term is usually used to refer to * Sending email messages with the purpos e of enhancing the relationship of a merchant with its current or previous customers, to encourage customer loyalty and repeat business, * Sending email messages with the purpose of acquiring new customers or convincing current customers to purchase something immediately, * Adding advertisements to email messages sent by other companies to their customers Researchers estimate that United States firms alone spent US $1.51 billion on email marketing in 2011 and will grow to $2.468 billion by 2016.* Affiliate Marketing is a type of performance-based marketing in which a business rewards one or more affiliates for each visitor or customer broughtabout by the affiliates own marketing efforts. The industry has four core players the merchant (also known as retailer or brand), the network (that contains offers for the affiliate to choose from and also takes care of the payments), the publisher (also known as the affiliate), and the customer. The market has grown in complexity to warrant a s econdary tier of players, including affiliate management agencies, super-affiliates and specialized third party vendors. Affiliate marketing overlaps with other Internet marketing methods to some degree, because affiliates often use regular advertising methods. Those methods include organic search engine optimization (SEO), paid search engine marketing (PPC Pay Per Click), e-mail marketing, and in some sense display advertising.On the other hand, affiliates sometimes use less orthodox techniques, such as publishing reviews of products or services offered by a partner. Affiliate marketing is commonly confused with referral marketing, as both forms of marketing use third parties to drive sales to the retailer. However, both are distinct forms of marketing and the main difference between them is that affiliate marketing relies purely on financial motivations to drive sales while referral marketing relies on trust and personal relationships to drive sales. Affiliate marketing is freque ntly overlooked by advertisers. While search engines, e-mail, and website syndication capture much of the attention of online retailers, affiliate marketing carries a much lower profile. Still, affiliates continue to play a significant role in e-retailers marketing strategies.* Display Advertising is a type of advertising that typically contains text (i.e., copy), logos, photographs or other images, location maps, and similar items. In periodicals, display advertising can appear on the same page as, or on the page adjacent to, general editorial content. In contrast, classified advertising generally appears in a distinct section, was traditionally text-only, and was forthcoming in a limited selection of typefaces. Display advertisements are not required to contain images, audio, or video Textual advertisements are also used where text may be more appropriate or more effective. An example of textual advertisements is commercial messages sent to mobile device users, or email. unity c ommon form of display advertising involves billboards. Posters, fliers, transit cards, tents, scale models are examples of display advertising.. Display advertising appears on web pages in many forms, including web banners. Banner ad standards continue to evolve.* Blogging. A we communicate, also called a blog, is a journal that is maintained by a blogger and contains information that is instantly published to their blog website. Blogging is a very popular activity. The number of online users creating and maintaining blogs has increased dramatically over the past year. The number Internet users who get word these blogs has also shot up, with some blogs vaunt thousands, even millions of daily dedicated directers. Blog marketing is any process that publicizes or advertises a website, business, brand or service via the medium of blogs. This includes, but is not limited to marketing via ads placed on blogs, recommendations and reviews by the blogger, promotion via entries on third pa rty blogs and cross-syndication of information across multiple blogs.* Community Building. An online community is a virtual community that exists online and whose members enable its existence through taking part in membership ritual. An online community can take the form of an information system where anyone can post content, such as a Bulletin board system or one where only a restricted number of people can initiate posts, such as Weblogs. Online communities have also become a supplemental form of communication between people who know each other primarily in real life. Many means are used in cordial separately or in combination, including text-based chat suite and forums that use voice, video text or avatars. Significant socio-technical change may have resulted from the proliferation of such Internet-based accessible networks.* Social Media Marketing refers to the process of gaining website traffic or attention through cordial media sites. Social media marketing programs usuall y center on efforts to create content that attracts attention and encourages readers to share it with their social networks. A unified message spreads from user to user and presumably resonates because it appears to come from a trusted, third-party source, as opposed to the brand or company itself. Hence, this form of marketing is driven by word-of-mouth, meaning it results in earned media rather than paid media. Social media has become a platform that is easily accessible to anyone with internet access. Increased communication for organizations fosters brand awareness and often, improved customer service.Additionally, social media serves as a relatively inexpensive platform for organizations to implement marketing campaigns. Social media marketing involves the use of social networks, COBRAs and eWOM to successfully advertise online. Social networks such as Facebook and Twitter provide advertisers with information about the likes and dislikes of their consumers. This technique is c rucial, as it provides the businesses with a target audience. With social networks, information relevant to the users likes is available to businesses who then advertise accordingly. Consumers online brand related activities (COBRAs) is another method used by advertisers to move on their products.An activity such as uploading a picture of your new Converse sneakers to Facebook is an example of a COBRA. Another technique for social media marketing is electronic word of mouth (eWOM). Electronic recommendations and appraisals are a convenient manner to have a product promoted via consumer-to-consumer interactions. An example of eWOM would be an online hotel review the hotel company can have two possible outcomes based on their service. A good service would result in a positive review which gets the hotel free advertisement via social media however a poor service will result in a negative consumer review which can potentially ruin the companys reputation.ADVANTAGE OF ONLINE MARKETINGTh ese are some of the many advantages that online marketing offers over traditional media outlets1. Reduced Cost The starting cost of online marketing is only a fraction of the thousands of dollars that Yellow Pages, television and radio ads cost. For example, you can get a free listing on Google Local that will be just as effective as a costly online Yellow Pages ad. In addition, while traditional ads may only run for a short time, a search engine optimization campaign can deliver long-term results. You can also save money with online Pay-Per-Click advertising where it is easy to experiment with small ad volumes until you perfect your strategy and then expand your marketing budget when you are assured of a positive sales return.2. Everything Is Measurable When you place an ad in the newspaper or a magazine, it can be difficult to assess the direct sales impact for your business. With online marketing, everything can be tracked and illustrated in exact graphs that illustrate traffic growth, leads and sales conversions from your specific search marketing campaigns. Using a free traffic analysis shaft of light like Google Analytics, it is easy to propose your return on investment (ROI) so you can appreciate the excellent value generated from your online marketing budget.3. Brand Engagement In the crowded market, you need to anchor and maintain positive brand awareness and client loyalty. Apart from word-of-mouth and leveraging your personal relationships with your established clients, a website is the most important marketing tool a business can have. A regularly updated website with well-written content that maintains peoples interest is essential to showing people exactly how your business is typical and how you offer the best value to your clients.4. Demographic Targeting The degree to which an online marketing campaign can target and measure the response from specific demographics and regions is often astonishing to business owners who normally use tradi tional media. New demographic prediction and online advertising platforms allow you to specifically target the specific consumer demographics most likely to buy your products. In particular, if you want to target young people between the ages of 16-30, youll need an online marketing strategy to reach them where they spend the bulk of their time On the Internet and on social media sites.5. Real-Time Results With online marketing you dont have to wait weeks to see a significant boost in your business. With a paid search marketing campaign you can experience real-time results that enable you to fine-tune your marketing message to achieve your desired effect. If your marketing strategy isnt workings effectively, real-time monitoring tools allow you to easily pin-point exactly where you are going wrong.6. Easily Refine Your Strategy Using online marketing analytics and tracking tools you can test conversion rates at a fraction of the cost of a traditional media campaign. Online marketin g levels the playing field and allows savvy small businesses to compete in competitive niches that previously would only be open to large corporations and their massive marketing budgets. If your marketing strategy is not bringing in the return on investment (ROI) that you desire, you can work to perfect it without having to launch an expensive new campaign as would be required with most traditional media outlets.7. Long-Term scene The benefit of an organic search marketing campaign that optimizes a website for specific keywords is that you will achieve a long-term return on your investment. Once your websites visibility is well-established with search engines, it is easy to do regular low-cost maintenance of your strategy. The early adopters of new online marketing platforms like social media marketing will have a significant head start over their competition.8. Product Information Todays savvy consumers want to compare reviews and opinions of friends, trusted bloggers and industr y experts before they make a decision. If you can provide quality, linkable information that is what people are looking for, then the next step of converting users into paying clients can be very easy. With social media networks like Facebook and Twitter re-enforcing the value of positive word-of-mouth exposure, trust is more important than ever in the marketing field.9. Less Intrusive well-nigh savvy consumers dislike intrusive traditional marketing methods like direct mailing, print ads and television advertisements. When someone buys a newspaper or magazine, they want to read interesting articles not be bombarded with irrelevant ads. While mediums like television can still be useful for maintaining awareness of large corporate brands, it is not an effective medium for most small and medium-size businesses. With online marketing, you can target consumers precisely when they are searching for products and services that your business can provide.10. Holds Their Attention When peopl e read the newspaper or a magazine they may scan over the advertisements beside the article but there is no way to engage their attention. With online marketing you can encourage them to take action, visit your website and read about your products and services which results in vastly increased stickiness of your marketing message.

Business Financing and the Capital Structure Essay

pardon the process of financial planning used to estimate asset dowerment requirements for a corporation. Explain the concept of working capital management. locate and briefly describe several financial instruments that atomic digit 18 used as marketable securities to park excess cash. As a business owner, it is important to manage the value of your assets as they kindle be used as leverage for obtaining loans and can be used to estimate your ability to repay your debts. Calculate your menstruation assets, long-term investments, fixed assets and intangible assets and add them up to get your total business assets. Pledgeable assets support more(prenominal) borrowing, which allows for further investment in pledgeable assets. The trade-off amid liquidation costs and underinvestment costs implies that low-liquidity firms exhibit negative investment sensitivities to liquid funds, whereas high school-liquidity firms take in positive sensitivities.If real assets are not divisibl e in liquidation, firms with high financial liquidity optimally avoid external finance and instead cut new investment. If real assets are divisible, firms use external financing, which implies a dispirit sensitivity. In addition, asset redeployability decreases the investment sensitivity. Financial management admits management of assets and liabilities in the long run and the short run. The management of fixed and current assets, however, differs in troika important ways Firstly, in managing fixed assets, time is very important consequently discounting and compounding aspects of time element play an important role in capital budgeting and a minor one in the management of current assets. Secondly, the large holdings of current assets, especially cash, strengthen firms liquidity purview but it alike reduces its overall profitability.Thirdly, the level of fixed as well as current assets depends upon the expected sales, but it is only the current assets, which can be adjusted with sales fluctuation in the short run. Marketable securities replenish cash quickly and earn high proceedss than cash, but come with jeopardizes maturity, yield, and liquidity should be considered. Marketable securities are the securities that can be easily liquidated without all delay at a reasonable price. Firms will maintain levels of marketable securities to ensure that they are able to quickly replenish cash balances and to obtain higher(prenominal) returns than is possible by maintaining cash. There are four factors that influence the choice ofmarketable securities. These include risks, maturity, yield, and liquidity. Assume that you are financial advisor to a business. Describe the advice that you would give to the client for raising business capital using both debt and equity options in todays economy. Some business owners say ratios are an accountants problem.Thats not smart, says Dileep Rao, president of Minneapolis InterFinance Corp, a venture-finance consulting firm, a nd professor at the University of atomic number 25s Carlson School of Management. Running your business without knowing your numbers is like driving a car without being able to see your direction or speed, says Rao. Its only a matter of time before you crash.(Rao, 2011) The terms debt and equity get tossed around so casually that its worth reviewing their meanings. Debt financing refers to money raised through some sort of loan, usually for a undivided purpose over a defined period of time, and usually secured by some sort of collateral. Equity financing can be a founders money invested in the business or cash from nonpareil investors, venture capital firms, or, rarely, a government-backed community development agencyall in exchange for a lot of ownership, and therefore a administer in any profits. Equity typically becomes a origination of long-term, general-use funds.The share of any hard assets, such as property and equipment, that you own free and clear also counts as equit y. Striking the right balance between debt and equity financing elbow room weighing the costs and benefits of each, making sure youre not gummy your company with debt you cant afford to repay and minimizing the cost of capital. Choosing debt forces you to manage for cash flow, while, in a perfect world, taking on equity means youre placing a priority on growth. But in todays credit markets, raising equity may simply mean you cant borrow any more. Until recently, bank credit was a financing mainstay. But experiences like Flipses underlie a point made by the Federal Reserve Boards quarterly Senior Loan Officer Opinion Survey on Bank Lending Practices, released in November. harmonize to loan officers, small-company borrowers were tapping sources of funding other than banks. They were being driven away for some(prenominal) reasons.Banks continued to tighten standards and termson all major types of loans to businesses, though fewer were doing so than in late 2008, when tightening was nearly universal. Interest rates on small business loans were on the rise at 40% of the banks surveyed, tear down as the prime rate reached historic lows. One in five banks had reduced smallcompanies revolving credit lines. One in three had tightened their loan standards, and 40% had tightened collateral requirements. Partly because of the plunging value of the real estate securing many commercial loans, pressure from bank examiners for tighter standards continued to build. Meanwhile, home equity loans, another popular source of small business cash, had evaporated. Many recession-weary business owners knew they had essentially become unbankable Loan officers surveyed said far fewer firms were seeking to borrow. Those few who could borrow were repelled by higher rates. All of a sudden, equity financing looked better. Explain why a business may nail down to seek capital from a foreign investor indicating the risk and rewards for such a decision. Provide support for rationale.Many in vestors choose to place a portion of their portfolios in foreign securities. This decision involves an analysis of various usual funds, exchange-traded funds (ETF), or stock and bond offerings. However, investors often neglect an important first step in the process of international investing. When done properly, the decision to invest overseas begins with a determination of the riskiness of the investment climate in the country under good will. Country risk refers to the economic, political and business risks that are unequaled to a specific country, and that might result in unexpected investment losses. This article will examine the concept of country risk and how it can be analyzed by investors. There are many excellent sources of information on the economic and political climate of foreign countries. virginspapers, such as the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal and the Financial Times dedicate significant coverage to overseas events.There are also many excellent hebdomad ally magazines covering international economics and politics the Economist is generally considered to be the standard bearer among weekly publications. For those seeking more in-depth coverage of a picky country or region, two excellent sources of objective, comprehensive country information are the Economist Intelligence Unit and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) introduction Fact Book. Either of these resources provides an investor with a broad overview of the economic, political, demographic and social climate of a country. The Economist Intelligence Unit also provides ratings for most of the worlds countries. These ratings can be used to supplement those issued by Moodys,S&P, and the other traditional ratings agencies. Finally, the internet provides access to a host of information, including international editions of many foreign newspapers and magazines.Reviewing locally produced news sources can sometimes provide a different perspective on the attractiveness of a country under consideration for investment. It is important to remember that diversification, which is a fundamental principle of domestic investing, is even more important when investing internationally. Choosing to invest an entire portfolio in a single country is not prudent. In a broadly diversified global portfolio, investments should be allocated among developed, emerging and perhaps termination markets. Even in a more concentrated portfolio, investments should still be spread among several countries in order to maximize diversification and minimize risk. After the decision on where to invest has been made, an investor has to decide what investment vehicles he or she wishes to invest in.Investment options include sovereign debt, stocks or bonds of companies domiciled in the country(s) chosen, stocks or bonds of a U.S.-based company that derives a significant portion of its revenues from the country(s) selected, or an internationally focused exchange-traded fund (ETF) or mutual fund. The choice of investment vehicle is dependent upon each investors individual knowledge, experience, risk visibility and return objectives. When in doubt, it may make sense to start out by taking less risk more risk can forever be added to the portfolio at a later date. In addition to thoroughly researching prospective investments, an international investor also needs to monitor his or her portfolio and adjust holdings as conditions dictate.As in the U.S., economic conditions overseas are constantly evolving, and political situations abroad can change quickly, particularly in emerging or frontier markets (Forbes, 2011). Situations that once seemed promising may no longer be so, and countries that once seemed too risky might now be viable investment candidates. Explain the historical relationships between risk and return for common stocks versus corporate bonds. Explain how diversification helps in risk reduction in a portfolio. Support retort with actual data and concepts learned in this course.Portfolio diversification is the means by which investors minimize or eliminate their exposure to company-specific risk, minimize or reduce domineering risk and moderate the short-term effects of individual asset class performance on portfolio value. In a well-conceived portfolio, this can be accomplished at a minimal cost in terms of expected return. Such a portfolio would be considered to be a well-diversified. Although the concepts relevant to portfolio diversification are customarily explained with respect to the stock markets, the same underlying principals apply to all types of investments. For example, corporate bonds have specific risk that can be diversified away in the same manner as that of stocks. Bonds issued by companies represent the largest of the bond markets, bigger than U.S. Treasury bonds, municipal bonds, or securities offered by federal agencies (Worldbank, 2013).The risk associated with corporate bonds depends on the financial stability and perf ormance of the company issuing the bonds, because if the company goes bankrupt it may not be able to repay the value of the bond, or any return on investment. Assess the risk by checking the companys credit rating with ratings agencies such as Moodys and Standard & brusks. Good ratings are not guarantees, however, as a company may show an excellent credit record until the day before filing for bankruptcy. When you obtain stock in a company during a public offering, you become a shareholder in the company. Some companies pay dividends to shareholders based on the number of shares held, and this is one form of return on investment.Another is the profit realized by trading on the stock exchange, provided you sell the shares at a higher price than you paid for them. The risks of owning common stock include the possible loss of any projected profit, as well as the money paid for the shares, if the share price drops below the original price. Corporate bonds hold the lowest risk of the t hree types of investments, provided you choose the right company in which to invest. The main reason for this is that in the event of bankruptcy, corporate bond holders have a stronger claim to payment than holders of common or preferred stocks. Bonds carry the risk of a lower return on investment, as the performance of stocks is generally better. Common stocks carry the highest risk, because holders are last to be paid in the event of bankruptcy. Preferred stocks generally have higher yields than corporate bonds, lower risk than common stocks, and a better claim to payment in the event of bankruptcy.ReferencesDileep Rao. 2011, InterFinance Cambridge, Massachusetts, The MIT Press. Forbes. 2011, Small Business Loans A considerable Option . Retrieved on 6/19/2013 from http//www.forbes.com/sites/ryancaldbeck/2012/11/14/small-business-loans-a-great-option-unless-you-actually-need-money/ Foreign direct investment, net inflows (BoP, current US$) Data Table . Data.worldbank.org. Retri eved 6/19/2013 from http//data.worldbank.org/indicator/BX.KLT.DINV

The Indigo Spell Chapter Three

TRUE TO HIS WORD, Adrian made no former(a) work forcetion of the family or lack t presentof between us. E precise once in a while, though, I could swear I saw something in his eyes, something that brought back an ring of his proclamation ab bring out continuing to sexual love life me. Or maybe it was just his typical impertinence.A connecting f et present(p releaseicate)al and an hour-long car ride later, it was iniquity by the sequence we finally reached the small resort town in the Pocono Mountains. Getting out of the car was a shock. celestial latitude in Pennsylvania was very, very different from December in Palm Springs. Crisp, frigid air hit me, the kind that freezes your mouth and nose. A layer of fresh snow covered everything, glittering in the light of the similar full moon that Ms. Terwilliger and I had worked magic by. The stars were out here in just as a lot force as the stark desert, though the cold air made them glitter in a lancinateer way.Adrian stayed i n our hired car exclusively leaned out as the driver reach me my small guinea pigcase. Need any help with that? Adrian asked. His clue made a frosty cloud in the air.It was an uncharacteristic offer from him. Ill be fine. Thanks, though. I dash it you arent staying here? I nodded toward the bed-and-breakfast the car had stopped at.Adrian pointed down the road, toward a large, lit-up hotel perched on a hill. Up in that location. Thats where all the parties will be, if youre interested. Theyre probably just give birthting started.I shivered, and it had nothing to do with the cold. Moroi normally ran on a nocturnal schedule, starting their solar days around sunset. Those living among domain like Adrian had to adapt to a daytime schedule. But here, in a small town that must be bursting with Moroi guests, hed yield the chance to return to what was for him a to a greater extent natural schedule.noted, I said. A mo ment of awkwardness followed, just now the temperature gave m e an excuse for escape. Well. Id better maintain in where its warm. Nice, uh, traveling with you.He smiled. You too, Sage. See you tomorrow.The car door closed, and I perfectly felt l anely without him. They drove off toward the towering hotel. My bed-and-breakfast seemed tiny by comparison, but it was cute and in good shape. The Alchemists had booked me here only because they knew the Moroi guests would shake off new(prenominal) accommodations. Well, most of them.Are you here for the marriage, dear? asked the emcee as she checked me in. We discombobulate some new(prenominal) guests staying with us as head.I nodded as I signed my credit card slip. It was no surprise that at that placed be overflow to this inn, but thered be a lot less here than the other hotel. Id make sure to lock my door. I trusted my friends in Palm Springs, but all other Moroi and dhampirs were questionable.Towns like this, and the inns within them, always seemed th sign for couples on romantic getawa ys. My room was no exception. It had a California-king-size bed draped in a gauzy canopy, along with a heart-shaped Jacuzzi by the fireplace. It screamed love and romance, which brought Adrian back to my mind. I ignored it all as best I could and jotted out a quick text to Donna Stanton, a higher-ranking Alchemist who oversaw my assignment in Palm Springs.Arrived in Pocono Hollow. Checked into inn.Her response came quickly Excellent. See you tomorrow. A second text followed a moment later Lock your door.Stanton and one other Alchemist were invited to the hymeneals as healthy. But they were al secure on the East Coast and could simply travel here tomorrow. I envied them.Despite my uneasiness, I slept surprisingly well and dared to emerge for breakfast in the morning. I had no consider to worry to the highest degree Moroi, though. I was the only person eating in the sundrenched dining room.How strange, remarked the inn holder as she delivered my coffee and eggs. I know many of the guests were out late, but I thought at least a few might be here to eat. Then, to emphasize the oddness of it all, she added, After all, breakfast is complimentary.The nocturnal Moroi, who were all still in bed, emboldened me to explore the town a little that day. all the same though Id prepared with boots and a heavy coat, the weather change was still a bit shocking. Palm Springs had made me soft. I soon annunciateed it an early day and spent the rest of the afternoon construeing Ms. Terwilligers book by the fire. I flew through the first section and even went on to the advanced one shed told me to skip. mayhap it was the fact that it was forbidden, but I couldnt stop reading. The scope of what the book described was so gripping and consuming that I nearly jumped a foot in the air when I heard a knock at the door. I froze, wondering if some confused Moroi had mistaken my room for a friends. Or, worse, for a feeders.My retrieve suddenly chimed with a text message from Stanton W ere at your door.Sure enough, when I opened it, I found Stanton standing there with Ian Jansen, an Alchemist the same age as me. His presence was a surprise. I hadnt seen Ian since he, Stanton, and I had been detained by Moroi for questioning in the escape of a dhampir fugitive. Back then, Ian had had an unwel issue crush on me. Judging from the jerky smile on his face when he saw me, things hadnt changed. I gestured them inside, making sure to lock the door when I closed it. Like me, both Alchemists had booming lily tattoos on their left cheeks. It was the sign of our order, tattoos infused with lamia blood that gave us quick healing and were magically designed to stop us from discussing Alchemist affairs with those who didnt know nigh them.Stanton arched an eyebrow at the heart-shaped tub and then settled into a chair by the fire. No trouble getting here? diversion from traveling with a good- researching vampire who thinks hes in love with me?None, I replied. I regarded Ian w ith a frown. I didnt expect you to be here. I mean, Im glad you are, but after last time . . . I paused as something hit me. I looked around. Its all of us. All of us that were, uh, under house arrest.Stanton nodded. It was regulated that if were handout to advance good relations between our groups, the Moroi would start by making amends to the terce of us specifically.Ian scowled and crossed his arms, leaning against a wall. He had brown eyes, with twin(a) brown hair that he wore in a neat haircut. I dont want any amends from those monsters after what they did to us this summer. I cant even believe were here This place is crawling with them. Who knows whatll happen if one of them drinks too much champagne tonight and goes looking for a snack? Here we are, fresh humans.I valued to tell him that was ridiculous, but by Alchemist reasoning, it was a very legitimate concern. And, reminding myself that I didnt know most of the Moroi here, I realized perhaps his fears werent that un founded.I guess well have to stick together, I said. That was the wrong word choice, judging from Ians happy smile.The Alchemists rarely had social time, and this was no exception. Stanton soon got us down to business, going over our plans for the wedding and what our purpose was here. A file folder provided background on Sonya and Mikhail, as though I knew nothing about them. My mission and hi yarn with Sonya were secret from other Alchemists, so, for Ians sake, I had to nod along with everything as if it was as new to me as it was to him.Festivities will probably last until almost sunrise, said Stanton, gathering up her written document once shed finished the briefing. Ian and I will be departing then and will drop you off at the airport on our way out. You wont have to fell another night here.Ians face grew darkly protective. You shouldnt have stayed here alone last night. You should have had psyche to look after you.I can look after myself, I snapped, a bit more harshly than I intended. Whether I liked it or not, Ms. Terwilligers training had empowered me literally and figuratively. That, and recent self-defense classes had taught me how to watch out for myself and my surroundings. Maybe Ian meant well, but I didnt like the idea of him or anyone thinking I bringed coddling.Miss Sage is quite well as you can see, said Stanton dryly. Ians crush had to be obvious to her, and it was equally obvious to me she had no use for such frivolity. Her gaze drifted to the window, which was glowing orange and red with the setting sun. Well, then. Its nearly time. Shouldnt you be getting ready?They had arrived in their dress clothes, but I still needed to prepare. They talked together while I got ready in the bathroom, but each time I emerged to get a hairbrush or earrings or something else Id see Ian watching me with that sappy look. Great. This was not what I needed.The wedding was macrocosm held in the towns claim to fame a huge, indoor garden that defied t he wintry conditions outside. Sonya was a huge lover of plants and flowers, and this was pretty much her dream location for a wedding. The glass walls that composed the building were steamed from the drastic difference between inner and outer temperatures. The three of us stepped inside, into an entry area that was used to trade tickets during the greenhouses normal operating hours. Here, at last, we found the Moroi that had been hidden to me in daylight.There were about two dozen of them milling around in this entryway, dressed in rich clothing and eerily beautiful with their slim, pale features. some(a) were door guards and other attendants, helping organize the event and guide guests into the atrium farawayther into the building. Most Moroi were simply general guests stopping to sign the guest book or chat with friends and family they hadnt seen in a long time. Around the sides, dhampirs in neat black and white suits stood sentry, prompt for any sign of danger. Their presenc e reminded me of a far, far greater threat than some drunken Moroi mistaking us for feeders.Holding the event at night meant exposing us to attack by Strigoi. Strigoi were a very different type of vampire so different, in fact, that I almost felt foolish organism unnerved in this group. Strigoi were undead, made immortal by killing their victims, unlike the Moroi, who simply drank enough blood from human volunteers to sustain themselves. Strigoi were vicious, fast, and strong and only came out at night. The sunlight that Moroi found simply uncomfortable was lethal to Strigoi. Strigoi made most of their kills on unwitting humans, but Moroi and dhampirs were their preferred food. An event like this Moroi and dhampirs crammed into a small space was practically like offering up a Strigoi buffet.Eyeing the guardian dhampirs, however, I knew any Strigoi would have a difficult task rupture into this event. Guardians trained fleshy their entire lives, honing skills to fight Strigoi. S eeing as the Moroi fagot was attending this event, I suspected the security Id seen so far didnt even stupefy to scratch the surface.A number of those gathered here stopped lecture when they saw us. Not all Moroi knew about Alchemists or how we worked with their people. So, the attendance of three non-feeder humans was a bit of an oddity. Even those who knew about Alchemists were probably impress to see us, given the formality of our relationship. Stanton was too experienced to let her unease show, but Ian openly made the Alchemist sign against evil as Moroi and dhampir eyes studied us. I did a pretty good job of keeping my cool but wished there was at least one familiar face in this crowd.Miss Stanton?A round-cheeked Moroi hurried forward. Im Colleen, the wedding coordinator. We spoke on the phone? She extended a hand, and even tough Stanton hesitated before shaking it.Yes, of course, said Stanton, junction cool and proper. Thank you for inviting us. She introduced Ian and me. Colleen waved us toward the atriums entry. Come, come. We have your seats reserved. Ill take you there myself.She swept us past the curious onlookers. As we entered the atrium, I stopped and momentarily forgot the vampires around us. The main greenhouse was magnificent. The ceiling was high and vaulted, made of that same steamed glass. A central area had been cleared and set with seats draped in flowers, very much like what youd see at a human wedding. A dais at the front of the seating area was covered in more flowers and was obviously where the couple would take their vows.But it was the rest of the room that took my breath away. It was like wed stepped into some tropical jungle. Trees and other plants heavy with brightly colored flowers lined the sides, chooseing the humid air with a perfume that was almost dizzying. Since there was no sunlight to light up the greenhouse, torches and candles had been cleverly placed throughout the greenery, casting a mysterious yet still romant ic light on everything. I felt as though Id stepped into some secret Amazonian ritual space. And of course, nearly hidden among the trees and bushes, black-clad guardians paced and unbroken watch on everything.Colleen led us to three seats on the right side of the seating area, marked with a RESERVED sign. They were about halfway back not as esteemed a spot as family would get, of course, but enough to show that the Moroi thought highly of us and really were trying to undo the strained relationship caused by our detainment. stooge I get you anything? Colleen asked. I realized now her exuberant energy was partially nervousness. We made her almost but certainly not quite as uneasy as she and the others made us. Anything at all?Were fine, said Stanton, speaking for all of us. Thank you.Colleen nodded eagerly. Well, if you need anything no matter how small dont hesitate to ask. entirely grab one of the ushers, and theyll find me immediately. She stood there a moment longer, w pa ck her hands. Id best check on the others. Remember call if you need anything.What I need is to get out of here, muttered Ian once she was gone. I said nothing, not trusting any response. If I reassured him we were safe, Id be regarded with suspicion. Yet if I acted like our lives were in danger, Id be lying. My views were somewhere in the middle of those extremes.Someone handed me a program, and Ian leaned a bit more closely than I wouldve liked in order to read over my shoulder. The program detailed a list of songs and readings as well as the members of the wedding party. I could tell from Ians face that he was expecting to see distasteful Bloodletting right after the Corinthians reading. His next words affirmed as much.They do a good job making it seem so normal, huh? he asked, not bothering to hide the disgust in his voice. I was a bit surprised at how vicious his attitude was. I didnt remember him being quite this extreme last summer. Like its a real wedding or something.He a lso wasnt regulating his volume, and I glanced around anxiously, making sure no one overheard. So youre saying its not a real wedding? I whispered back.Ian shrugged but at least took the hint and lowered his voice. With them? It doesnt matter. They dont have real families or real love. Theyre monsters.It was ironic that he mentioned real love just then because at that moment, Adrian and his begetter were ushered to the opposite side of the atrium. Adrian was always a nice dresser, but Id never seen him in anything so formal. I hated to admit it, but the look was great on him a navy suit and vest that was nearly black paired with a pale blue shirt and blue-and-white-striped tie. It stood out from the more somber black and gray suits most men here were wearing, but not in an outlandish or tacky way. As I was studying him, Adrian glanced up and caught my eye. He smiled and gave me a small nod. I almost smiled back, but Stanton snapped me back to reality. I allowed him one last, linger ing look, and then I turned away.Mr. Jansen, Stanton said in a stern voice. Please keep your opinions to yourself. Regardless of their validity, we are guests here and will behave in a civilized way.Ian nodded grudgingly, flushing slightly as he glanced in my direction as if being so openly chastised might ruin his chances with me. He didnt have to worry, seeing as he didnt have any chance to begin with.Colleen sent an usher to check on us, and while he spoke to Stanton, Ian leaned toward me. Am I the only one who thinks its crazy that were here? He nodded toward Stanton. She thinks this is okay but come on. They held us captive. Its unforgivable. Doesnt that make you mad?I certainly hadnt liked it at the time, but Id come to understand why it had happened. I hate that they did that, I lied, hoping it sounded convincing. Im untamed every time I think of it.Ian really looked relieved enough to drop the topic.We sat in blessed silence as the atrium continued to fill up. By the time the ceremony was about ready to start, there must have been close to two hundred people in the room. I kept looking for familiar faces, but Adrian and his father were the only ones I knew. Then, at the last minute, a brightly clad figure came scurrying in. I groaned at the same time Stanton tsked with disapproval. Abe Mazur had just arrived.Whereas Adrian had made color work with formal wear in a stylish way, Abe used color to offend the sensibilities. To be fair, this was one of the more subdued ensembles Id ever seen Abe don a white suit with a bright, kiwi green shirt and paisley ascot. He wore his usual gilded earrings, and the sheen of his black hair made me think hed been hitting some hair oil pretty voraciously. Abe was a dubiously moral Moroi and also the father of my friend and Adrians former dhampir love Rose Hathaway Abe made me nervous because Id had some secret dealings with him in the past. He made Stanton nervous because he was a Moroi the Alchemists would never b e able to control. Abe seated himself in the front row, earning a horrified look from Colleen the coordinator, who was supervising everything from the side of the room. My guess was that wasnt part of her seating chart.I heard a trumpet sound, and those sitting in the back suddenly fell to their knees. Like a wave, those seated in the rest of the rows began pastime suit. Stanton, Ian, and I all exchanged confused looks. Then I understood.The queen, I whispered. The queen is coming.I could see from Stantons face that was not something she had considered. She had a split second to decide on protocol for this situation and how to maintain our civilized guest position.We dont kneel, she whispered back. Stay where you are.It was a valid call, seeing as we owed no fealty to the Moroi queen. Still, I felt flustered and conspicuous at being one of the only people in the room not kneeling. A moment later, a ringing voice declared, Her Royal Majesty, Queen Vasilisa, first of her name.Even I an caught his breath in admiration as she entered. Vasilisa or Lissa, as Adrian and Rose continually insisted I call her was a picture of ethereal beauty. It was hard to believe she was the same age as me. She carried herself with a poise and regality that seemed ageless. Her tall, willowy body was graceful even among Moroi, and her platinum blond hair fell around her pale face like some other cosmealy veil. Although dressed in a very modern chromatic cocktail dress, she managed to wear it as though it were some grand Victorian ball gown. A black-haired guy with piercing blue eyes walked at her side. Her boyfriend, Christian Ozera, was always easy to spot, providing a dark contrast that worked perfectly with her lightness.Once the royal couple was seated in the front row seeming very surprised to find Abe waiting for them there the throng returned to their seats. An unseen cellist began to play, and everyone released a collective breath as we fell into the comfortable ritual o f a wedding.Amazing, isnt it? Ian murmured in my ear. How fragile her throne is. One slip, and theyd fall into chaos.It was true, and it was why Jills safety was so important. An old Moroi law said that a monarch had to possess one living family member in order to hold the throne. Jill was the only one left in Lissas line. Those who opposed Lissa because of her age and beliefs had realized killing Jill would be easier than going after a queen. Many opposed the law and were trying to change it. In the meantime, the political fallout from Jills assassination would be monumental. The Alchemists, whose job it was to keep the Moroi world hidden and protected , needed to prevent their society from falling into chaos. And on a slightly more personal level, I needed to prevent Jills devastation because against all odds, Id grown to care about her in the short time wed been together.I shifted my mind from those grim thoughts and focused on the next stage of the wedding. Bridesmaids in deep green satin led the procession, and I wondered if Abe had been attempting to match them with his suit. If so, hed failed.And there, I spotted my first friendly face, aside from Adrian. Rose Hathaway. It was no surprise shed be a bridesmaid, seeing as shed been responsible for the happy couple getting together. Shed inherited her fathers dark hair and eyes and was the only dhampir among the bridesmaids. I didnt need to see the surprised looks of some of the guests to know that was pretty unorthodox. If Rose noticed or cared, she didnt show it. She walked proudly on, head held high and face glowing with happiness. With that humanlike dhampir appearance, she was shorter than her Moroi companions and had a more athletic build than the slender, small-chested Moroi.Rose had what was a very normal, very healthy body among humans. Yet when I compared myself to Moroi, I felt enormous. I knew it was ridiculous special(prenominal)ly since I wore a smaller size than Rose but it was a hard f eeling to shake. Adrian had tardily had an unwelcome intervention with me, going so far as to claim I was on the verge of an eating disorder. Id been outraged and told him to mind his own business . . . but ever since then, Id taken a hard look at my behaviors. I now tried to eat more and had gained exactly one pound, something that had felt torturous and wrong until my friend Trey had recently commented that I was looking pretty good these days. It had reinforced the idea that a few more pounds wouldnt kill me and might actually be good for me. Not that Id admit any of that to Adrian.We all stood when Sonya entered. She was glorious in ivory silk, with tiny white roses adorning her fiery hair. The queen had been magnificent, but there was a glow about Sonya that dwarfed even Lissas beauty. Maybe it was just something inherent to brides. There was an air of love around Sonya that made her shine. I was surprised to feel a pang in my chest.Ian was probably disappointed when no bloodl etting followed, but the ceremony was sweet and filled with emotion. I couldnt believe how stone-faced my Alchemist companions looked I was on the verge of tears as the couple recited their vows. Even if Sonya and Mikhail hadnt been through hell to be together, this was the kind of ceremony that couldnt help but pull at the heartstrings. As I listened to them swear theyd love each other forever, I found my gaze drifting to Adrian. He didnt see me looking at him, but I could tell the ceremony was having the same effect on him. He was enraptured.It was a rare and sweet look for him, reminding me of the torment artist that lived beneath the sarcasm. I liked that about Adrian not the tortured part, but the way he could feel so deeply and then transform those emotions into art. I had feelings, just like anyone else, but that ability to express them into something imaginative was an area I would never, ever have expertise in. It wasnt in my nature. I sometimes gave him a hard time abo ut his art, especially his more defraud pieces. Secretly, I regarded his skills with awe and loved the many facets of his personality.Meanwhile, I had to fight to keep my face blank, to look as though I was a normal Alchemist with no concern for unholy vampire events. Neither of my companions questioned me, so apparently I pulled it off. Maybe I had a future in poker.Sonya and Mikhail kissed, and the crowd erupted into cheers. They only got louder when he brazenly kissed her a second time and then a third. The next stage of the festivities, the reception, was being held in the hotel where Adrian and most of the other Moroi were staying. Sonya and Mikhail left first, followed by the queen and other high-ranking royals. Stanton, Ian, and I waited patiently for our row to be dismissed so that we could line up for the limos that were ferrying guests the half mile to the hotel. It normally wouldnt have been that bad of a walk, even in heels, if not for the freezing temperature.Our turn came, and the three of us got into the back of a limo. Now we just have to get through the reception, said Ian as the driver shut our door. At least weve got our own car.Suddenly, the door opened, and Abe slid in beside me. Room for one more? He beamed at Stanton and me. So nice to see you lovely ladies again. And you must be Ian. A pleasure. Abe extended his hand. At first, it looked as though Ian wouldnt shake it, but a sharp look from Stanton dictated otherwise. Afterward, Ian kept looking at his hand as though he expected it to start smoking.The drive only took about quintette minutes, but I could tell from the other Alchemists faces that it felt like five hours for them.I think its wonderful that you three were invited, said Abe, perfectly at ease. Considering how much we work together, we should have more of these pleasant interactions, dont you think? Perhaps youll invite us to one of your weddings someday. He winked at me. Im sure you have young men lining up for you.Even Stanton couldnt keep a straight face. The look of horror in her expression said there were few things more dishonor than a vampire coming to a human wedding. She looked visibly relieved when we reached the hotel, but we werent free of Abe yet. Some thoughtful person probably Colleen had put us at his table, probably thinking it would be nice to be seated with a Moroi we knew. Abe seemed to take great delight in the awkwardness his presence provided, but I had to admit, it was kind of refreshing to have someone who openly acknowledged the strained relations between us rather than pretending everything was okay.Theres no blood in that, Abe told us when dinner was served. The three of us were hesitating over cutting into our chicken marsala, even me. The only blood is in the drinks, and you have to actually ask for those at the bar. No ones going to sneak you something, and the feeders are being kept in another room.Ian and Stanton still looked unconvinced. I decided I would be the brave one and began eating without any more hesitation. Maybe vampires were unnatural creatures, but they certainly had excellent taste in caterers. A moment later, the other Alchemists joined me, and even they had to admit the food was pretty good.When the plates were cleared, Ian bravely left for the bathroom, giving Stanton a brief opportunity to lean toward me for a hushed status report. Everything was okay when you left? Strained relationship or not, our mission to keep the Moroi stable hadnt changed.Fine, I said. Its all quiet back there. No sign of trouble. She didnt need to know about my own interpersonal drama. Keeping my tone casual, I asked, Any news about the Warriors? Or Marcus Finch?Stanton shook her head. None. But Ill certainly let you know if we uncover anything.I answered with a polite smile, seriously doubting her words. I hadnt always liked my Alchemist missions, but Id spent most of my life following orders without question because I believed my superiors knew w hat was best and were acting for the greater good. Recent events now made me wonder about that. In thwarting some crazed vampire hunters who called themselves the Warriors of Light, Stanton had withheld information from me, citing that we were on a need-to-know basis. She had brushed it off, praising me for being a good Alchemist who understood such policy, but the incident had made me seethe with anger. I didnt want to be anyones pawn. I could accept that fighting for a greater cause meant tough decisions, but I refused to be used or jeopardize because of important lies. Id given my life over to the Alchemists, always believing what they did and told me was right. Id thought I was important, that they would always look out for me. Now I didnt know.And yet . . . what could I do? I was sworn and sealed to the Alchemists. Whether I liked what theyd done to me or not, there was no way out, no way to question them. . . .At least, Id thought that until I learned about Marcus Finch.Id on ly found about him recently, after discovering hed once crossed the Warriors of Light by helping a Moroi named Clarence. Although the Warriors usually only went after Strigoi, a rebel group had once decided to target Clarence. Marcus had stepped up and defended Clarence against the Warriors, convincing them to leave him alone. Id almost believed Clarence was making up the story until I saw a picture of Marcus.And that was where things got really weird. Marcus seemed to have also crossed the Alchemists. In fact, Clarence and one of the Warriors had hinted that Marcus had at one time been an Alchemist but was no longer. I hadnt believed it until I saw his picture. He didnt have a golden lily but a large tribal-looking tattoo done in blue ink that was large enough to cover the golden one, if you were trying to hide it.Seeing that was life changing. Id had no idea it was possible to tattoo over something so powerful. I certainly hadnt thought anyone could leave the Alchemists or that anyone would even want to, not with the way our purpose was drilled into us practically from birth. How could someone consider abandoning our missions? How could someone go rogue and just walk away from the Alchemists? What had happened that would make him want to do that? Had he had experiences similar to mine?And would they let him go?When Id asked about him, Stanton claimed the Alchemists had no knowledge of Marcus, but I knew that was a lie. She didnt know I had his picture. His blue tattoo was big enough to cover a lily, and Id seen metallic hints of one underneath, proving he had indeed once been one of us. And if hed had the Alchemist mark, then they most certainly knew about him. They were covering him up, and that just intrigued me further. In fact, I was a little obsessed with him. Some instinct told me he was the key to my problems, that he could help me uncover the secrets and lies the Alchemists were telling me. Unfortunately, I had no clue how to find him.Its importan t no one here knows what youre doing, so remember to be discreet, Stanton added, like I needed to be reminded. A small crease appeared between her eyebrows. I was particularly worried about that Ivashkov boy coming to this wedding. We cant let anyone know you two have more than a passing acquaintance. Little things like that could compromise our mission.Oh, no, I said quickly. You dont need to worry about Adrian. He understands how important our work is. Hed never do anything to compromise it.Ian returned, and our discussion ended there. Dinner soon gave way to dancing. With the atmosphere more relaxed, a number of Moroi came over to introduce themselves to us. I felt nearly as popular as the bride and groom. Ian shook so many hands that he eventually became immune to it. And as uncomfortable as it was for my companions, I could tell this event was actually accomplishing its goal of smoothing relations between Alchemists and Moroi. Stanton and Ian were by no gist ready to be best f riends with any of them, but it was clear they were pleasantly surprised at how friendly and benign most of the guests seemed.Im glad we got this chance to be together, Ian told me during a lull in our public relations. Its so hard with our jobs, you know? Im in St. Louis now, in the facility archives. Where do they have you?Secrecy was key in Jills protection. Im in the field, but I cant say where. You know how it is.Right, right. But you know, if you ever wanted to visit . . . Id show you around.His desperation was almost cute. Like for a spend?Well, yeah. Er, no. He knew as well as I did that Alchemists didnt get vacations easily. But, I mean, theyre doing all the holiday services, you know. If you decide to come to one, well, let me know.Alchemist priests always conducted special services around Christmas in our main facilities. Some Alchemist families made a point of going to them every year. I hadnt been to any in a while, not with the way my missions kept jumping around.Ill keep that in mind.There was a long pause, and his next words came haltingly. Id ask you to dance, you know. Except it wouldnt be right in this kind of unholy setting.I gave him a stiff smile. Of course. That, and were here on business. Weve got to focus on building good relationships with them.Ian had started to respond when a familiar voice interrupted us. Miss Sage?We looked up and found Adrian standing above us, dashing in his shades of blue. His face was the picture of perfect politeness and restraint, significance something disastrous was probably about to happen.Its so nice to see you again, he said. He spoke as though it had been a while, and I nodded in agreement. As Id assured Stanton, Adrian knew too much familiarity between us might create a trail back to Jill. Did I just hear you two talking about building good relationships?I was tongue-tied, so Ian answered. Thats right. Were here to make things friendlier between our people. His voice, however, was most decidedly unf riendly.Adrian nodded with all seriousness, like he hadnt noticed Ians hostility. I think its a great idea. And I thought of something that would be an excellent gesture of our future together. Adrians expression was innocent, but there was a mischievous glister in his eye that I knew all too well. He held out his hand to me. Would you like to dance?

Inactivity and Obesity Essay

Review the article Physical activity and sedentary activity patterns among children and adolescents A latent class analysis approach for this assignment. As individuals and families spend more(prenominal) condemnation in front of televisions, playing video games, surfing the internet, etc., incidence and prevalence rates of overweight and obese people in throughout the arena increase. Based on the article, describe family, community, and school level strategies you would use in planning an obesity prevention program. The following items in particular give be assessed1. Identify two specific strategies (family, community, or school level) you would use to plan an obesity prevention program. Include evidence-based selective information as to why you believe these strategies will be the best ones to use.2. In your opinion, when should obesity prevention start? What should be the ideal age to start obesity prevention, knowing that lifestyle has a not bad(p) impact on whether indivi duals will become obese?3. Provide empirical evidence to support your position as to when obesity prevention should start. Make indisputable to cite your sources. Introduction Studies of the health behavior of ample individuals and families are closely correlated since without the support of a family, an individual would not prosper in levelheaded behaviors. This example hit close to home since there was someone at home al authoritys trying to gear my brother, sister, and myself in the right way. This might not be the case for other families and they might have different types of issues that are involved in the studies of health behavior of individuals and families. Human behavior plays a of import role in the maintenance of health and the prevention of disease.Issues InvolvedSome of the issues involved in the studies of the health behavior of brawny individuals and families are the different strategies for establishing healthy eating habits in children and adolescents might be quite ineffective for changing maladaptive eating behaviors. This seems to be a major issue with families of all types of pecuniary background. The majority of individuals that lack the monetary resource to buy healthier food for thought choices seem to be at riskiest end. Also, maintaining a particular behavior over time might require different strategies than will establishing behavior.Studies Accomplished/Reasons they are ImportantStudies can be accomplished through different age groups and addressing certain behaviors cues associated with healthy families and individuals. For example, one might ask a teenage group if they have ever tried smoking or drinking. From this study, they can find out information concerning the individual behavior and why it is not conducive to healthy family behaviors. Two examples of studies accomplished from the reading are classical learn and operant-conditioning which each has its own way of culture behaviors. For example, classical conditionin g modifies behavior by repeatedly pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus that elicits the desired response. This type of learning behavior is important it allows the studies to see what mechanisms triggers different people to behave a certain way.One of the most famous classical conditioning was taught in a previous class that mentioned the salivation of dog in response to a bell being rung. The reason behind this was that every time individual brought in food for the dog, they would ring a bell. Later, they found out that just the ringing alone would set of excitement in the dog. This is important because we find out what triggers an individuals happiness and with little help, their behavior can be geared towards a healthier one. In individuals, if someone is praised on how well they look and that they are maintaining their bodies well, the attentiveness alone can trigger an individual to want more praises, thus maintaining a great physique.The second type of st udy conducted was the operant-conditioning which builds on classical conditioning and focuses on the hypothesis that the frequency of a behavior is determined by its consequences. One example would be that of rewards for positive behavior as well as decreasing behavior from punishment. If an individual, gets praises for cleaning their room and is told that if they discontinue cleaning their room, they will make their parents disappointed, that individual might not want the negative responses thus fashioning them decrease their negative behaviors.Contribution to Existing KnowledgeThese studies contribute to the existing knowledge by showing us that health behaviors can be changed by the way we treat each other. Also, with the studies, we are able to see how an individuals health behavior can be controlled by praises and can in like manner eliminate negative behavior by adding negative consequences.

Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan Essay

Christopher capital of Ohio is one of the best-known of entirely explorers. He is famous for his voyage in 1492, when he ascertained America while he was flavour for a way to sail to Asia.Columbus was probably born in Genoa, Italy, around 1451. His real work was Christoforo Columbo. His wife, a Portuguese women who he married around 1480, was Felipa Perestrello e Moniz. They had one son named Diego.He make several voyages to the New World, which he thought was Asia. His original voyage took place in 1492. He direct an expedition of three ships the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria. On October 12, 1492, the expedition landed on a small island in the Caribbean Sea. Columbus was sure that he was close to Asia.His second voyage was from 1493 to 1496. This time, he took 17 ships and 1200 sailors and colonists looking for riches in the New World and a quick route to Asia. On this trip, he explored Cuba and discovered the islands of Jamaica, Guadeloupe and Puerto Rico.He went agai n to the New World from 1498 to 1500. His final voyage was in 1502-1504. Christopher Columbus died in 1506.He was not the first European to find northwestward America. The Vikings had come to northern North America hundreds of years earlier. However, Columbus is big because his explorations made Europeans much more aware of the New World and helped to encourage more exploration of North and South America in the 1500s.Ferdinand Magellan and his discovery of the PhilippinesFERNO Magalhaes was born in Portugal around 1480, the son of the mayor of his native town. His interest in the nautical sciences started when he studied in the Court of Portugal. These studies filled him at an early age with enthusiasm for the great voyages of discovery which were being made at that period.In 1505, he took part in the expedition of Francisco dAlmeida to establish the Portuguese viceroyalty in India. In 1511 he was in the Portuguese conquest of malacca cane and he subsequently took part in the Por tuguese expedition to Morocco. afterward getting entangled in a personal disagreement with his commander in chief and falling from the grace of the King after a report from Almedia, he devoted himself to his studies and projects, particularly reports of the recently discovered Moluccas sent by a friend, Serro. Serro had so greatly exaggerated the distance of the Moluccas to the east of Malacca that the islands appeared to lie within the half of the world granted by the Pope to Spain. Magalhaes resolved to seek the Moluccas by sailing to the west around South America.As he could not obtain support from his country, he renounced his Portuguese nationality, offered his services to Spain, and took the name Ferdinand Magellan. King Charles appointed him commander of a fleet of five vessels, with nutrition for 234 persons for two years. Magellan commanded the chief ship, the Trinidad Juan de Cartagena, the San Antonio Gaspar de Quesada, the Concepcion Luis de Mendoza, the Victoria and Juan Serrano, the Santiago. The expedition also included the chronicler Antonio Pigafetta.The fleet sailed September 20, 1519, from San Lucar de Barameda, enduring the perfidious seas, winter, and a mutiny that saw the execution of De Cartagena and De Mendoza. More than a year after they set sail, they reached the mantel Virgenes that led to the entrance to the foreland which today bear his name, the Magellan Straits. Suffering from the desertion of one of his ships, the San Antonio, he entered the straits and after three weeks reached the open sea on the other side, which he named Mar Pacifico. He proceed to sail west and on March 15, 1521, he reached the Archipelago of San Lazaro.He was received in an amiable way of life by the chief of the island of Cebu, Rajah Humabon, who was baptized along with several hundred of his followers. He then proceeded to inhibit the neighboring island of Mactan but was killed in an encounter with the group of Lapu-lapu. His demise prevented Fer dinand Magellan from reaching his goal the Moluccas but his voyage accomplished the feat of circumnavigating the world, and that gave the first positive proof that the earth was round. What remained of his men 18 of the more than 230 who began the journeying with him sailed back to Spain. Ferdinand Magellan and the Spaniards thus introduced the people of the Philippines to Christianity and opened it to the outside world.